Search results
AFD and Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka reached the lower middle-income status in 2010 and continued to experience rapid economic growth during the following years. The country alsoexperienced free elections in January 2015 that c...
Publication
Published on
The Economics of Spatial Sustainability: General Theory and Application to Climate Change
This paper formalizes the notion of "spatial sustainability‘ of an economy in the presence of local and global environmental externalities. An extension is offered here of a new economic geography (NE...
Publication
Published on
Energy and Development in Emerging Countries
Energy is an important component of the economy and is a fundamental factor of production. In general we expect is use to grow in some relation to growth in economic activity. Empirically we see a clo...
Publication
Published on
AFD and South Africa
Present in South Africa since 1994, AFD offers innovative financing solutions and technical assistance to support the South African government in its development policy. AFD works with government part...
Publication
Published on
Green Growth and its Implications for Public Policy: The Case of South Africa
South Africa is a rapidly growing middle-income economy with a coal-based energy system that generates high greenhouse gases emissions, on a par with the richest economies in the world. The country ha...
Publication
Published on
AFD - Overview
Building a more just and more sustainable world for all – a world in common – requires successfully achieving five main transitions, both over here and over there: energy, digital, territorial, demogr...
Publication
Published on
Cocoa farmers’ agricultural practices and livelihoods in Côte d’Ivoire
Cocoa production in Côte d‘Ivoire has more than doubled over the last four decades, from 565 thousand tons in 1984 to approximatively 1.5 million tons in recent years. This increase has been mainly du...
Publication
Published on
The Quality of Growth: Accounting for Sustainability
This paper has three purposes. First, it follows the UN conceptual and measurement approach in providing a welfare theoretic framework for sustainability. The intergenerational conditions for sustaina...
Publication
Published on
Holding Land in Common within Cities
In the Global South, access to decent housing and secure land tenure remains a great challenge for most urban dwellers. Yet secure land tenure is a key component of urban resilience. This paper summar...
Publication
Published on
Afd2025: Development agencies, steering through future worlds
What world awaits us in 2025? How to gear up for it and build a world which attracts us? AFD has conducted an impressive forward-looking exercise – Afd2025. Its initiators tell us about the four scena...
Publication
Published on
The AFD Carbon Footprint Tool for projects - User’s Guide and Methodology
AFD (Agence Française de Développement) aims to promote low-carbon development through the projects it finances, in line with France’s commitment to combat climate change and AFD’s strategic orientati...
Publication
Published on
AFD Group Exclusion list
The objective of the exclusion list is to clearly indicate the activities that the Group refuses to finance due to ethical, regulatory, environmental or social criteria, and arising from the applicati...
Publication
Published on
Environmental and Social Risk Management Policy for AFD-funded Operations
Environmental and Social Risk Management Policy for AFD-funded Operations
Publication
Published on
Climate activity of the AFD Group in 2016
Over 3.5 billion euros dedicated to climate: commitments continuously rising
Publication
Published on
Indonesia: Reforms to Meet Development Challenges
The Indonesian economy is experiencing structural changes and must deal with new challenges in an uncer¬tain international setting. In the past decade, its industry has undergone reprimarization (focu...
Publication
Published on
Transitioning towards a low-carbon economy in Mexico: an application of the ThreeME model
This document offers an empirical application of the notion of energy transition to the Mexican economy and it takes the next step of simulating medium- and long-term impacts of proposed and future en...
Publication
Published on
Networks of stranded assets: A case for a balance sheet approach
Moving to a low-carbon economic system will require several industrial sectors to undertake a deep technological transformation of their production processes, leading some of their physical capital as...
Publication
Published on
Kochi Metro Experience
THE KOCHI METRO EXPERIENCE: A valuable contribution to the history of Indian metros
Publication
Published on
Global Migration in the 20th and 21st Centuries: the Unstoppable Force of Demography
This paper sheds light on the global migration patterns of the past 40 years, and produces migration projections for the 21st century, for two skill groups, and for all relevant pairs of countries. To...
Publication
Published on
